What characterizes Reactive Attachment Disorder?

Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is primarily characterized by disturbed attachment behaviors towards caregivers. This condition typically arises in children who have experienced inadequate care, such as neglect or abuse early in life, leading to difficulties in forming secure emotional bonds with their primary caregivers.

In children with RAD, you might observe a lack of responsiveness to social interactions, an inability to seek comfort from caregivers, or an overall emotional withdrawal. This maladaptive attachment style not only affects the child's relationship with caregivers but also impacts their social development and interactions with others.

The other options reflect different psychological issues or disorders but do not capture the essence of RAD. For instance, excessive familiarity with strangers is more characteristic of a condition such as Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder, while difficulty coping with stress and involvement in risk-taking behaviors may relate to various other emotional or conduct disorders. However, they do not specifically define the attachment-related issues central to RAD.