What distinguishes schizoaffective disorder from schizophrenia?

Schizoaffective disorder is characterized by the presence of a mood episode (either major depressive, manic, or mixed) occurring concurrently with symptoms of schizophrenia. This presence of mood symptoms is what sets schizoaffective disorder apart from schizophrenia, which primarily involves psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions without the necessary mood component.

In schizoaffective disorder, the individual experiences significant mood disturbances along with the disorganized thought processes, delusions, or hallucinations typical of schizophrenia. This combined symptomatology can influence both diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the need for addressing both psychotic and mood-related symptoms. Understanding this distinction is critical for accurate diagnosis and effective intervention.