What factor is associated with a better prognosis in schizophrenia?

A better prognosis in schizophrenia is associated with good premorbid adjustment. This concept refers to the level of functioning and adjustment an individual had before the onset of the disorder. Individuals who were well-adjusted prior to developing schizophrenia tend to have a more favorable outcome, which can manifest as improved social functioning, fewer symptoms, and better overall quality of life.

Good premorbid adjustment indicates that the person likely had a strong support system, stable relationships, and coping mechanisms that can aid in recovery. Additionally, a history of relatively normal or above-average functioning prior to the onset may suggest that the individual's cognitive and social abilities are stronger, allowing for more effective management of the symptoms when they occur.

Other factors, such as late onset of symptoms, being married, or male gender, may have their own implications in terms of illness progression and symptom expression, but they do not generally offer the same level of positive prognostic value as good premorbid adjustment. In particular, later onset can sometimes indicate potentially milder symptoms, but it does not guarantee better outcomes as firmly as strong premorbid functioning can.