Which criteria are used to diagnose a substance use disorder?

The diagnosis of a substance use disorder is based on a specific pattern of behavior that leads to significant impairment or distress, which must be reflective of at least two of the eleven criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). These criteria encompass various dimensions of the individual's relationship with the substance, including the inability to control use, increased tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and neglect of responsibilities, among others.

This comprehensive approach allows clinicians to assess the severity and complexity of the disorder, taking into account the individual's experiences and the impact of substance use on their life, relationships, and functioning. The use of specific criteria ensures a standardized and reliable framework for diagnosis, facilitating appropriate treatment planning and intervention.

In contrast, basing diagnosis solely on physical symptoms overlooks the psychosocial aspects that are crucial in understanding substance use disorders. Similarly, self-reported feelings of guilt, while potentially relevant to the individual's emotional experience, do not encompass the broader criteria needed for diagnosis. Participation in group therapy, although a valuable component of treatment, does not serve as a diagnostic criterion by itself. It is the established pattern of use and the resultant impact that form the foundation of the diagnosis.