Which of the following is NOT commonly associated with Down Syndrome?

Cognitive exceptionalism is not commonly associated with Down syndrome. Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, typically leads to varying degrees of intellectual disabilities and cognitive delays rather than heightened cognitive abilities. Individuals with Down syndrome often exhibit cognitive challenges that can affect their learning and adaptive skills, which contrasts with the notion of cognitive exceptionalism, where one might expect superior intellectual functioning.

In contrast, characteristics such as a large protruding tongue, slanted almond-shaped eyes, and heart lesions are widely recognized physical traits and health concerns associated with Down syndrome. The presence of these features is linked to the genetic changes associated with the disorder and contributes to the distinct physical appearance and health profile of individuals with Down syndrome. Thus, cognitive exceptionalism does not fit into the established attributes commonly associated with this condition.