Which of the following represents "negative symptoms" in schizophrenia?

Negative symptoms in schizophrenia refer to a decrease or loss of normal functions that are typically present in healthy individuals. This includes aspects such as emotional expression, social engagement, motivation, and the ability to experience pleasure. Apathy, which reflects a lack of interest or motivation in engaging with others or in activities, is a prime example of this category of symptoms.

In contrast, heightened emotions, excessive energy, and increased social interactions are indicative of positive symptoms or behaviors that are either exaggerated or atypical compared to the norm. Positive symptoms include phenomena such as hallucinations and delusions, where there is an addition of abnormal experiences rather than a reduction of typical functioning as seen in negative symptoms. Thus, the correct representation of negative symptoms in schizophrenia is the decrease or loss of normal functions, as exemplified by apathy.